MATS324 Composites Design and Manufacture - abbreviations and acronyms

Composites Design and Manufacture (BEng) - MATS 324
Abbreviations and acronyms (including research projects/thematic networks).

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	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
3BL	triple bottom line accounting	Economy - Environment - Equity or People - Planet - Profit
3-D GEMs	3-D Genetically Engineered Micro/nano-devices
3DXRD	Three-Dimensional X-Ray Diffraction
3PL	Third Party Logistics

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A	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
a-	Atactic (normally preceding a polymer type)
AA	Assigned Amounts	Quantity of GHG emissions in the context of Kyoto Protocol
AAP	Acetyl acetone peroxide	Initiator for addition polymerisation/curing
AASHTO	American Association of Highway and Transportation Officials	Washington DC - USA
ABBSTRACT	Airbus, Bristol, Bath STrategic Research Alliance in Composites Technology
ABC	Activity Based Costing
ABR	Co-poly(butadiene-methylmethacrylate) R-group rubbers
ABRC	Advisory Board for the Research Councils
AC	Advisory Circular
ACA	Anisotropic Conductive Adhesives
ACA	Automotive Composites Alliance
ACARE	Advisory Council for Aeronautics Research in Europe
ACAVP	Advanced Composite Armoured Vehicle Platform	UK Ministry of Defence
ACCA	Advanced Composite Cargo Aircraft	Lockheed Martion conversion of mid/aft fuselage and empennage of Dorneir 328J
ACCC	Aluminum Conductor Composite Core	Composite Technology Corporation
ACE	Awards for Composites Excellence	American Composites Manufacturers Association
ACerS	American Ceramics Society	Westerville OH - USA
ACL	Advanced Composites Letters
ACLAIM	Advanced Composite Life Assessment and Integrity Management	DTI Technology Programme - April 2004 competition
ACMA	American Composites Manufacturers Association	United States organisation - formerly CFA
ACMC	Advanced Composites Manufacturing Centre	University of Plymouth
ACME	Applications of Computers in Manufacturing Engineering Directorate
ACO	Ant Colony Optimisation
ACOST	Advisory Council on Science and Technology	Now CST
ACRES	Affordable Composites from Renewable Sources	University of Delaware
ACRTM	Articulated Continuous Resin Transfer Moulding
ACS	Advanced Course Studentships
ACSG	Advanced Composites Structures Group	University of Sheffield
ACV	Air Cushion Vehicle
ADA	Acceptance Decision Algorithm
ADACS	Analysis & Design of Aerospace Composites Structures
ADAMS	Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems	NREL/Germanischer Lloyd code for design of wind turbine blades
ADDICT	Alcohol-Drugs-Drowning-Infant-Choking-Trauma	Emergency First Aid flow chart for non-breathing casualty
ADF	Acid Detergent Fibre
AdhFAST^TM	Fastener to revolutionise adhesive use	Assembly Automation, 02/06/2000, 20(2), 170-176.
ADL	Acid Detergent Lignin
AE	Acoustic Emission (NDT/proof testing technique)
AECMA	Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial	European Aerospace Trade Federation
AeIGT	Aerospace Innovation and Growth Team
AEP	N-aminoethylpiperazine	curing agent for epoxy resin
AeroSME	AeroSME encourages SME participation in the EU FP RTD
AESICOM	Agrupación Española de Industrias de Composites	Spanish Association of Composites Industries
AESL	Acoustic Emission Source Location
AESO	Acrylated Epoxidised Soybean Oil
AEWC	Advanced Engineered Wood Composites Center	University of Maine
AFP	Advanced Fire Protection	Fyfe Company LLC Tyfo^®system
AFM	Advanced Fiber Modeler	Simulayt - Woking
AFM	Atomic Force Microscopy
AFNOR	Association Francaise de NORmalisation	Saint Denis La Plaine - France
AFRA	Aircraft Fleet Recycling Association
AFRC	Agricultural and Food Research Council	Now incorporated into BBSRC
AFRP	Aramid Fibre Reinforced Plastics
AGC	Arrival, Gel, Cure sensor (Plastech TT Limited)
AGEC	Aerodynamic Ground Effect Craft	German term for WIG boat
AHC	Alan Harper Composites
AI	Angle Interlock 3D woven preforms
AI	Artificial Intelligence
AILO	Association of Industrial Liason Officers
AIN	Aerospace Innovation Networks
AIR	Agriculture & Agro-Industry incl. Fisheries Research and Technological Development	EU Framework Programme 3 (1990-1996)
AIREX	Air Explosion
AIRPOWER	Affordable Innovative Rapid Production of Offshore Wind Energy Rotor Blades
AITM	Airbus Industries Test Method
aka	Also Known As
ALBOS	Affordable Lightweight BOdy Structures	Department for Transport
ALCAS	Advanced Low-Cost Aircraft Structures	EU Framework 6, 2005-2009
ALE	Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian formulation for flow problems
ALTO	A? Laminate Taper Optimisation	ACCIS Bristol
AM	Active Matrix displays
AMC	Aluminium Matrix Composite
AMCAPS	Affordable Manufacture of Composite Primary Structures	I = first phase, II = second phase
AML	Angle ply percentage Minus Longitudinal ply percentage
AMOC	Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation	a climate change issue
AN	Acrylonitrile
ANDSCAN	Ultrasonic non-destructive testing	Registered Trademark of QinetiQ Limited
ANFIS	Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System
ANN	Artificial Neural Network
ANOVA	ANalysis Of VAriations
ANSI	American National Standards Institute
AOI	Area of Interest
AOX	Absorbable Organic Halogen Compounds	ISO14044:2006(E)
AP	Access Point
APB	Anti-Phase Boundary
APCC	Asian Pacific Coconut Community
APE	3-AminoPropyltriEthoxysilane
APM	3-AminoPropyltriMethoxysilane
APM	Advanced Production Machines	ACME technology theme
APME	Association of Plastics Manufacturers in Europe
AptiForm	Manufacture of complex components from self-reinforced plastics
ARALL	Aramid Reinforced Aluminium Laminate
ARBS	Algorithmic and Rule-based Blackboard System
ARMO	Alliance of Rotational Moulding Organisations
ART	Algebraic Reconstruction Technique
ARTS	Adaptive and Responsive Textile Structures
ASA	Acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate copolymer
ASAP	Advanced Structures Assembly Process
ASDA	Age - Site - Depth - Area	Emergency First Aid on burns
ASHMOD	Austrian Structural Health Monitoring system Demonstrator	AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH
ASR	Automotive Shredder Residue
ASSET	Advanced Structural Systems for Tomorrow's Infrastructure	EU Funded project with Intersect, Cranfield & City universities
ASTM	ASTM International	Formerly the American Society for Testing and Materials
ATAS	Academic Technology Approval Scheme
ATC	AcetylTriethylCitrate plasticiser
ATI	Appropriate Technology International
ATM	Accelerated Testing Methods
ATR	Attenuated Total Reflection
ATRP	Atom Transfer Radical Polymerisation
ATSG	Aerospace Technology Steering Group
ATVP	Aerospace Technology Validation Programmes
AU	Acousto-Ultrasonics
AU	Polyesterurethane U-group rubbers
AUI	Acceptable Ultimate Integrity
AUT	Automated Ultrasonic Testing
AutoWDA	Automatic Welding Defect Assesssment
AuxetNet	Auxetic Materials Network	University of Bolton
AWARE	Action on Waste Awareness and Resource Efficiency	BRE (trading name of Building Research Establishment Limited)

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B	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
BAPF	The Biology and Processing of Flax	Book by HS Shekhar Sharma and CF van Sumere
BAT	Best Available Technology
BBA	Building Block Approach
BBM	BioBased Materials business
BBS	Branch and Bound Search	Facility within LIMS software
BBSRC	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council	Out of AFRC and SERC
BC	Bacterial Cellulose
BDH	β-Diketone Hydrolase
BDP	BioDegradable Polymer
BE	Bias Extension shear test
BEDPS	Bio-, Environmental and Degradable Polymer Society
BERR	Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform
BFE	Boron triFluoride diethyl Etherate
BID	Bio-Inspired Design
BIIR	Brominated IIR R-type rubber
BINDT	British Institute of Non-Destructive Testing	Northampton - United Kingdom
BINGO	Biologically Inspired Next Generation Outer body armour
BIOMAT	Development of thermoplastic biocomposites	LINK CIMNFC LK0807, December 2002-November 2006
BioNIS	Biomimetics Network for Industrial Sustainability	University of Reading
BioStruct	Complex Structural and Multifunctional Parts from Enhaced Wood-based Composites	European Commission Frameweok Programme 7 project 2008-2012
BIW	Body In White
BJNDT	British Journal of Non-Destructive Testing (now named Insight)
BLADE	Bristol Laboratory for Advanced Dynamics Engineering	University of Bristol
Bling	Bladed Ring	Turbine discs
BMC	Bulk Moulding Compound
BMI	Bismaleimide
BOD	Biological Oxygen Demand	ISO14044:2006(E)
BOPET	Biaxially Oriented PolyEthyleneTerephthalate
BPEO	Best Practicable Environmental Option
BPO	Benzoyl peroxide	Initiator for addition polymerisation/curing
BR	Poly(Butadiene) R-group (butyl) rubber or butadiene rubber
BRAF	Braided Frames	SGL Kuempers/EADS-Innovation Works JV for continuous manufacture of composite fuselage frames
BRAIT	Boeing Research Aircraft Icing Tunnel
BREW	Business Resource Efficiency and Waste	Defra
BRIN	British-Russian Innovation Network
BRITE	BRIstol Technologies for the Environment futures institute	ACCIS Bristol
BS	4-hydroxyButylSuccinate
BSI	British Standards Institute
BSSP	Business Support Simplification Programme
BT	4-hydroxyButylTerephthalate
BTG	British Technology Group	London - United Kingdom
BTTG	British Textile Technology Group
BVID	Barely Visible Impact Damage
BWB	Blended Wing Body
BzO2	Benzoyl peroxide	Initiator for addition polymerisation/curing

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C	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
C&D	Construction & Demolition waste
CA	Cellulose Acetate
CAA	Civil Aviation Authority	London - United Kingdom
CAB	CelluloseAcetateButyrate
CACRC	Commercial Aircraft Composite Repair Committee
CAD	Computer-Aided Design
CADMID	Concept, Assessment, Demonstration, Manufacture, In-service, Disposal	UK Ministry of Defence design methodology
CAE	Computer Aided Engineering
CAFE	Corporate Average Fuel Economy
CAFF	Center for American Flax Fiber
CAI	Composites Affordability Initiative
CAI	Compression (strength) After Impact	CRAG test method 403
CAICAT	Composites Affordability Initiative Cost Analysis Tool	SAMPE Journal, March/April 2007, 43(2), 26-36.
CAP	Common Agricultural Policy
CAPEX	Capital Expenditure
CAPM	Computer Aided Production Management
CAPRI	Controlled Atmospheric Pressure Resin Infusion process	Boeing IPR in US Patent 5772950
CARAD	Civil Aircraft Research And Technology Demonstration
CARM	Centre for Advanced and Renewable Materials	University of Wales - Bangor
CARP	Committee on Acoustic emission from Reinforced Plastics
CARS	Coherent Ani-Stokes Raman Scattering
CASCADE	Civil Aircraft Structural Composites - Application, Development & Exploitation	DTI CARAD initiative, July 2002-July 2004.
CASE	Cooperative Awards in Science and Engineering
CASH	Calcium Aluminum Silicate Hydroxide
CAT	Centre for Alternative Technology	Machynlleth, Powys, SY20 9AZ
CAT	Computer-Aided Tomography (3-D imaging technique)
CAV-ATD	Composite Armoured Vehicle – Advanced Technology Demonstrator	US Army
CBA	Certification-by-Analysis	GENOA modular engineering software package from Alpha STAR Corporation
CBA	Chemical Blowing Agents
CBA	Cost Benefit Analysis
CBC	Carpet Backing Cloth
CBM	Condition-Based Maintenance
CBR	Case Based Reasoning
CBR	Composite Bearingless Rotor
CBT	Cyclic Butylene Terephthalate	Monomer used in RTM for thermoplastic composites
CC	Carbon fibre/Carbon matrix composites
CCD	Charge-Coupled Device	Imaging technology
CCD	Colony Collapse Disorder	sudden disappearance of bees from hives
CCLRC	Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils	Didcot - United Kingdom
CCS	Carbon capture and storage	I Fells & J Horlock, Carbon capture and storage, Ingenia, 2006, 27, 36-41.
CCZM	Continuum Cohesive Zone Modeling
CD	Carbon fines, powder	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
CD	ISO Committee Draft ballot stage
CD	Continuous Discontinuous tow	Pepin Associates DiscoTex^TM tows
CDF	Cumulative Distribution Function
CDM	Clean Discharge Mechanism	Projects for issuing Certified Emission Reductions re Kyoto Protocol
CDMIPS	Chloro (Dimethyl) IsoPropyl Silane
CDS	Characteristic Damage State
CDW	Cell Dry Weight
CEBE	Centre for Education in the Built Environment	A Subject Centre of the Higher Education Academy
CEC	Cation Exchange Capacity	Nutrient retention in plants
CED	Cumulative Energy Demand
CEEQUAL	Civil Engineering Environmental Quality Assessment and Award Scheme
CELC	Confédération Européenne du Lin et du Chanvre	International Linen and Hemp Confederation
CEMS	Centre for Engineering Materials and Structures	University of Surrey
CEN	Comité Européen de Normalisation	European Standards Organisation, Brussels - Belgium
CER	Certified Emission Reductions	Outcome of Clean Discharge Mechanism projects re Kyoto Protocol
CER	Cost Estimation Relationships
CF	Carbon fibre	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
CFA	Composite Fabricators Association	United States organisation - now ACMA
CFBG	Chirped Fibre Bragg Grating
CFC	ChloroFluoroCarbon
CFD	Computational Fluid Dynamics
CfM	Centre for Manufacture	University of Manchester
CFM	Chlorinated and Fluorinated M-group rubbers
CFM	Continuous Filament Mat
CFOAM^®	Carbon Foam tooling material	Touchstone Research Laboratory - Triadelphia WV (USA)
CFRM	Continuous Fibre Random Mat
CFRP	Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics
CFRTP	Carbon Fibre Reinforced ThermoPlastics
CFTC	Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation	London - United Kingdom
CGN	Centre for Genetic Resources	Wageningen University - Netherlands
CGR	Crack Growth Rate
CHENACC	CHE Novel and Alternative Crops Consortium	CHE Limited is a Devon-based consultancy
CHHAPP	Composite Hull High Altitude Powered Platform
CHIP	Chemicals (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) Regulations
CHP	Cyclohexanone peroxide	Initiator for addition polymerisation/curing
CIIR	Chlorinated IIR R-type rubber
CILC	Confédération Internationale du Lin et du Chanvre	International Linen and Hemp Confederation
CIMEC	Ceramic and Inorganic Materials Committee
CIMNFC	Competitive Industrial Materials from Non-Food Crops	LINK programme from May 1996, closed to new applications in May 2002
CIPP	Composite Cured-In-Place Pipe	Lanzo - USA
CIRTM	Co-Injection Resin Transfer Moulding
CLC	Centre for Lightweight Composites	Cranfield University
CLP	Classification, Labelling and Packaging regulation	European Commission - Enterprise and Industry - Chemicals
CLT	Classical Lamination Theory
CMA	Chemical Manufacturers Association
CMC	Ceramic Matrix Composites
CMC	Certification of Materials and Components	Det Norske Veritas
CME	Centre for Materials Education	A Subject Centre of the Higher Education Academy
CNA	CASE for New Academics
CNSL	Cashew Nut Shell Liquid
CNT	Carbon Nano Tubes
CO	Poly(epichlorohydrin) O-group rubber
COBRAE	COmposites BRidge Alliance Europe
COC	Cyclic Olefin Copolymers
COD	Chemical Oxygen Demand	ISO14044:2006(E)
CODA	Composite Component Design Analysis
CODE	Curing polyester resins On DEmand
CODECO	COmputational Tools for the DEsign of COmposites components and structures	University of Manchester
COE	Cost of Energy
Cogent	Sector Skills Council for ...	Oil and Gas Extraction, Chemicals Manufacturing and Petroleum Industries
COIN	Climate Outreach and Information Network	Oxford, OX4 1BG
COMBINE	COmmingled BIomaterials from NaturE	EPSRC Grant DT/E00685X/1 2007-2009
ComPRIS	Composites Pressure Resin Infusion System	University of Maine (USA)
COPE	Copolyester
COPV	Composite Over-wrapped Pressure Vessel
CORAL-REEF	COmposites Research ALliance REgional Engineering Facilities
CORDIS	Community Research & Development Information Service
CORONET	Thermoplastic Composites Infrastructure Cooperation Network
CoSACNet	Advanced Polymeric Composites for Structural Appl's in Construction	University of Southampton
COSHH	Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations
CP	Continuous Polymerisation or Continuous Process
CPA	Composites Processing Association
CPAASM	Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing
CPBE	Composites Part B: Engineering
CPD	Continuing Professional Development
C_PK	Process Capability Index
CPO	Chlorinated PolyOlefin
CPT	Cured Ply Thickness
CR	poly(β-Chlorobutadiene) R-group rubber or polychloroprene
CR	Cooling Rate
CRACTAC	Crashworthy Automotive Structures Using Thermoplastic Composites	University of Nottingham
CRADA	Cooperative Research And Development Agreement
CRG	Collaborating Research Group
CRIJAFT	Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres	Barrackpore - India
CRTM	Continuous Resin Transfer Moulding
CROSS	Special Grid Composite	Lauge Fuglsang Nielsen, Composite Materials, Springer, 2005.
CRU	Composites Research Unit	National University of Ireland - Galway
CRW	Canard/Rotary Wing	Boeing X-50A Dragonfly UAV demonstrator
CSA	Composite Spheres Assemblage	Z Hashin, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 1962, 29, 143-150.
CSAI	Compression Strength After Impact	CRAG test method 403
CSBT	Cornwall Sustainable Building Trust
CSCNT	Cup-Stacked Carbon NanoTubes
CSIRO	Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation	Victoria - Australia
CSM	Chopped Strand Mat
CSM	Chlorosulphonated polyethyene M-group rubbers
CSP	Concentrated Solar Power
CSR	Corporate Social Responsibility
CST	Composites Science and Technology
CST	Council for Science and Technology	London - United Kingdom. Successor to ACOST
CSTF	Cumulative Stress Transfer Function
CT	Computer Tomography (3-D imaging technique)
μ-CT	Micro-Computer Tomography
CTE	Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
CUK	Composites UK	formerly Composites Processing Association
CURE-TEX	Rapid cure resin systems initiated by UV light	DTI Technology Programme - April 2004 competition
CURV	composite of polypropylene fibres in a polypropylene matrix	Propex Fibres Inc
cv	Commercial Variety	Plant names
CV/FEM	Control volume/finite element method
CVCP	Committee of Vice Chancellors and Principals	Now Universities UK
CVD	Chemical Vapour Deposition
CVD	Clearly Visible Damage
CVI	Chemical Vapour Infiltration
CVS	Cure Volume Shrinkage
C-VUM	Cross-type VinylUrethane Macromonomer
CWCT	Centre for Window and Cladding Technology	University of Bath
CWT	Continuous Wavelet Transform

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D	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
D&DTA	Durability and Damage Tolerance
DA	Devolved Administrations
DABS	Dunlop Aerospace Braking Systems
DARP	Defence and Aerospace Research Partnerships
DAV^TM	Digital Acoustic Video - trade mark	Imperium
DCB	Double Cantilever Beam
DCB-UBM	Double Cantilever Beam - Uneven Bending Moments
DCP	Degradable and Compostable Plastics
DCS	Deformable Composite System	Advanced Composite Group (ACG) - part of the Composites Division of Umeco plc
DCZM	Discrete Cohesive Zone Modeling
DDA	Defence Diversification Agency	Regional Offices
DDS	Diamino diphenyl sulphone	Curing agent for epoxy resin
DDTA	Durability and Damage Tolerance
DD(X)	USN advanced multi-mission destroyer	US Navy Future Surface Combatant Program
DEA	DiEthyl Amine	Curing agent for epoxy resin
DEA	Dynamic Dielectric Analysis
DEFEW	Doppler Effect in Flexible and Extendable ligtht Waveguides
DEFRA	Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
DEM	Discrete Element Method
DEN	Double Edge-Notched fracture specimens
DEPART	Draping of Engineered Prepregs and Reinforced Thermoplastics	University of Nottingham
DERR	Damage Energy Release Rate
DESO	Defence Export Services Organisation
DETA	Dielectric Thermal Analysis
DFM	Design for Manufacture
DFORM	Deformable Composite System (DCS)	Advanced Composite Group (ACG) - part of the Composites Division of Umeco plc
DG	Degree of Greenness
DLR	Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt	Braunschweig - Germany
DfT	Department for Transport	London - United Kingdom
DGEBA	Di Glycidyl Ether of Bisphenol-A	Monomer for epoxy resin
DGEBD	Di Glycidyl Ether of 1,4-ButaneDiol	Monomer for epoxy resin
DIA	Defect Identification Algorithm
DICT	Digital Image Correlation Technique
DICY	Dicyandiamide	Curing agent for epoxy resin
DIH	DiIsocyanateHexane
DIMOX	Directed Metal Oxidation
DIN	Deutsches Institut fur Normung
DIP	Defence Industrial Policy
DIS	Draft International Standard ballot stage
DIUS	Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills
DLC	Diamond-Like Carbon
DLJ	Double Lap Joint
DM	Distribution Medium (for resin infusion)	aka Flow Medium or Transport Mesh
DMA	Dynamic Mechanical Analysis
DMC	Dough Moulding Compound
DMF	DiMethylFormamide
DM-RTM	Resin Transfer Moulding with Dispersion Media
DMT	DiMethylTerephthalate
DMTA	Dynamic Thermo-Mechanical Analysis
DNV	Det Norske Veritas	Høvik - Norway
DOE	(Taguchi) Design of Experiments
DOF	Degrees of Freedom
DOF	Depth of Field
DOI	Distinctness of Image
DOS	Degree of Substitution
DOTcomp	Design Optimisation of Textile Composite Structures Embroidered Composites	University of Nottingham
DP	Degree of Polymerisation
DPA	Defence Procurement Agency	Abbey Wood (Bristol) - United Kingdom
DPG	DiPhenylGuanidine	Accelerator for rubber cure
DPNR	DeProteinised Natural Rubber
DPSIR	Drivers - Pressures - State - Impact - Response	General framework for information about the state of the environment
DQM	Differential Quadrature Method
Dr.ABC	Danger - Response - Airways - Breathing - Circulation	Emergency First Aid
DRDF	Double RIFT Diaphragm Forming
DRNN	Diagonal Recurrent Neural Network
DS	Degree of Substitution
DSA	Drop Shape Analyser
DSC	Differential Scanning Calorimetry (quantitative DTA)
DSD	Dynamic learning rate Steepest Descent
DTA	Differential Thermal Analysis
DTC	Defence Technology Centres	Corporate Contacts Manager, Sevenoaks - United Kingdom
DTI	Department for Trade and Industry	London - United Kingdom
DTR	Damage Tolerance Rating
DUS	Distinct, sufficiently Uniform and Stable	Assessment of plant varieties
DVB	DiVinylBenzene
DVS	Dynamic Vapour Sorption
DWT	Discrete Wavelet Transform

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E	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
E3	Electromagnetic Environmental Effects
E-CO	Ethylene Carbon monOxide copolymers
E&T	Engineering & Technology
EA	Environment Agency
EA	European Accreditation
EAC	European Accreditation of Certification
EADS	European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company	Schipol - Munich - Paris - Madrid
EAM	Element Array Model
EAP	Electro-Active Polymers
EATF	Externally Applied Thermal Field (thermographic NDT)
EB	Elongation at Break
EB	Electron Beam Evaporation
EBM	Environmentally Benign Manufacturing
EBM	Extrusion Blow Moulding
EBPVD	Electron Beam Physical Vapour Deposition
EBSD	Electron BackScattering Diffraction
EC	European Commission
ECA	Engineering Critical Assessment
ECCOMAS	European Community on COmputational Methods in Applied Sciences
ECD	Equally Critical Damage
ECI	Environmental Condition Indicator
ECLAIR	European Collaborative Linkage of Agriculture and Industry through Research	EU Programme on agro-industrial activities (1988-1993)
ECM	ExtraCellular Matrix	Tissue engineering
ECO	Poly(epichlorohydrin-ethyleneoxide) O-group rubber
ECOLITE	Efficient COmposites - LIghtweight and ThErmoformed
ECRC	Engineering Composites Research Centre	University of Ulster at Jordanstown
EDA	EthyleneDiAmine
EDD	Easily Detectable Damage
EDMD	Electro-Discharge Mechanical Dressing
EEFAE	Efficient and Environmentally Friendly Aero Engine
EFB	Empty Fruit Bunch
EFESPD	Enhanced Flow Electro Static Powder Deposition	PC Composites Limited PowderPregging process
EffiComp	Large Scale Efficient Composite Primary Structures
EFG	Edge-defined Film Growth
EGB	End-Grain Balsa
EHR	Electronic Health Record
EIA	Environmental Impact Assessment	ISO14040:2006(E)
EIHA	European Industrial Hemp Association
EKA	ElectroKinetic Analyser
ekranoplan	Russian for WIG boat	ekran=screen plan=plane
ELED	Edge Light Emitting Diode
ELF	Environmental Light Fan	GKN Aerospace
ELV	End of Life Vehicle	Directive 2000/53/EC
EM	Electro-Magnetic
EMA	Environmental Management Accounting	ISO14040:2006(E)
EMAS	Eco Management and Audit Scheme
EMAT	Electro-Magnetic Acoustic Transducer
EMC	Electro-Magnetic Compatibility
EMD	Empirical Mode Decomposition	Noise and uneven heating reduction technique in thermography
EMEC	Electro-Mechanical Engineering Committee
EMOC	Environmental Modelling Of Composites
EMP	Environmental Management Programme
EMR	Environmental Management Representative
EMS	Environmental Management Scheme
EN	Europaische Norm
ENF	End-Notched Flexure specimen
ENIQ	European Network for Inspection and Qualification
EOD	Ease of Decortication
EOS	Equation Of State
EOSL	End Of Service Life
EOT	Polymer of bis-chloroalkylether, sulphur & CH₂Cl₂ T-group rubber
EP	Epoxy Resin
EPA	Environmental Protection Agency	Washington DC - USA
EPC	Electronic Product Code
EPD	ElectroPhoretic Deposition
EPD	Environmental Product Declaration
EPDM	Ter-poly(Ethylene-Propylene-Diene) M-group elastomer/rubber
EPE	Environmental Performance Evaluation
EPI	Environmental Performance Indicator
EPM	Co-poly(Ethylene-Propylene) M-group rubbers
EPMA	Electron Probe MicroAnalysis
EPP	Expanded PolyPropylene
EPS	Electrical Potential Sensor
EPS	Expanded PolyStyrene foam
EPSRC	Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
EPTA	European Pultrusion Technology Association
EPD	ElectroPhoretic Displays
ERA	European Research Area
ERA-NETS	European Research Area Network Scheme
ERCEG	European Research Council Expert Group
ERRMA	European Renewable Resources and Materials Association
ERU	Emission Reduction Unit	Output of JI projects, as defined by the Kyoto Protocol
ESA	European Space Agency
ESCA	Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis
ESCM	European Society for Composite Materials
ESED	Environmental Secondary Electron Detector
ESF	European Science Foundation
ES0	Epoxidised Soybean Oil
ESPI	Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry	Optical NDT
ESRC	Economic and Social Research Council
ESRF	European Synchrotron Radiation Facility	Grenoble - France
ESSPI	Electronic Shearing Speckle Pattern Interferometry	Optical NDT
ET	Emissions Trading	Sale of surplus allowances to countries that have surpassed their AAs
ETC	Extension-Twist Coupling
E-TDR	Electric Time Domain Reflectometry
ETFE	Ethylene - TetraFluoroEthylene copolymer
ETI	Energy Technology Institute
ETSU	Energy Technology Support Unit	Now trading as Future Energy Solutions - based at AEA Technology, Harwell
EU	European Union
EU	Polyetherurethane U-group rubbers
EuCIA	European Composites Industry Association
EuP	Energy Using Products	Directive 2005/32/EC
EuroNCAP	European New Car Assessment Programme
EV	Efficient Vulcanisate
EVA(C)	Ethylene - VinylAcetate copolymer
EVABAT	Economically Viable Application of Best Available Technology
EVOH	Poly(Ethylene-co-VinylAlcohol)
eWPC	Enhanced Wood-Plastic Composites	EC FP7 BioStruct project

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F	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
F&DT	Fatigue and Damage Tolerance
FA	Furfuryl Alcohol	Precursor for furan resins
FAA	Federal Aviation Administration	Washington DC - USA
FAC2T	Florida Advanced Center for Composite Technologies	Florida State University
FAI	First Article Inspection	Boeing requirement
FAIR	Agriculture and Fisheries including Agro-Industry, Food Technologies, Forestry, Agriculure and Rural Development	EU Framework Programme 4 (1994-1998)
FAO	Food and Agricultural Organisation	United Nations organisation at Rome - Italy
FAST	Fatigue, Aerodynamics, Structures and Turbulence	NREL/Germanischer Lloyd code for design of wind turbine blades
FASTRAC	FAST Remotely Activated Channelling
FBG	Fibre Bragg Grating
FBP	Filtered Back Projection
FDIS	Formal Draft International Standard ballot stage
FDM	Fatigue Damage Modelling
FEA	Finite Element Analysis
FEF	Flow-Enhancing fabric
FEG	Field Emission Gun
FEM	Finite Element Modelling
FEP	Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene copolymers
FET	Flow-enhancing tow
FF	Furfural	Precursor for furan resins
FFP	Fitness For Purpose
FFRP	Flexible Fibre-Reinforced Pipe
FFS	Fitness For Service
FFT	Fast Fourier Transform
FIB	Focussed Ion-Beam microscope
FiberSIM	Suite of software for composite design and manufacturing	Vistagy Inc
FibStruct	Advanced composite construction materials from non-wood fibres	LINK CIMNFC LK0811
FIM	Film Insert Moulding
fiRST	Film Infusion Reuseable Silicone Technology	Alan Harper Composites
FISHSHAPED	Fainting-Infant-Shock-Head-Stroke-Heart-Asphyxia-Poisoning-Epilepsy-Diabetic	Emergency First Aid on unconciousness
FKP	Feather Keratin Polymers
FL	Fuzzy Logic
FLAVIIR	Flapless Aerial Vehicle Integrated Interdisciplinary Research	BAE Systems Engineering/EPSRC funded research project
FLC	Fuzzy Logic Controller
FLDF	Fibre Length Distribution Factor
FM-CEACS	Fabrication Methods for Crash Energy Absorbing Composite Structures	University of Nottingham
FML	Fibre-reinforced Metal Laminates
FOD	Foreign Object Damage
FODF	Fibre Orientation Distribution Factor
FOGV	Fan Outlet Guide Vane
FOV	Field of View
FP	Framework Programme	EU's chief instrument for funding R&TD
FP5	Fifth Framework Programme for scientific R&TD	EU's chief instrument for funding R&TD over the period 1998 to 2002
FP6	Sixth Framework Programme for scientific R&TD	EU's chief instrument for funding R&TD over the period 2002 to 2006
FP7	Seventh Framework Programme for scientific R&TD	EU's chief instrument for funding R&TD over the period 2007 to 2013
FPA	Fan Propulsor Assembly
FPA	Fibre Processing Aid
FPI	Fast Probability Integrator
FPKS	Flow Pattern Permeability Space
FPM	Finite Pointset Method	CFD tool from Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Mathematics
FPM	Fluorinated M-group rubbers
FPP	Fibre Patch Preforming	EADS IW/Oxeon AB/Manz Automation development
FPP	Functional Paper Products
FPPP	Faraday Plastics and Polymer Partnership	formerly Faraday Plastics Partnership
FR	Fire Retardant
FRAP	Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching
FRD	Full Raw Data
FRF	Frequency Response Function
FRP	Fibre Reinforced Plastic
FRTP	Fibre Reinforced ThermoPlastic
FSFEM	FFT-based Spectral Finite Element Method
FST	Flame, Smoke and Toxicity requirements
FSTA	Future Strategic Tanker Aircraft	Modified Airbus A330 for the Royal Air Force
FSW	Friction Stir Welding
FT	Fourier Transform
FTIR	Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy
FTP	Fire Test Procedures (SOLAS)
FUBACOMP	Full barrel composites	Dassault Aviation in conjunction with BAE Systems
FVM	Finite Volume Method
FW	Filament winding
FWC	Full Waveform Capture

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G	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
GA	Genetic Algorithm
GB	Glass beads	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
GCMC	Glass Ceramic Matrix Composite
GD	Glass fines and powder	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
GDD	Good Damage Detectability
GDL	Gas Diffusion Layer	Fuel cell technology
GDP	Gross Domestic Product
GEM	Genetically Engineered Micro/nano-device
GEM	Ground Effect Machine	synonym for ACV
GENOA	GENeralized Optimizer and Analyzer
GER	Gross Energy Requirements
GF	Glass fibre	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
GFRP	Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic
GGBS	Ground-Granulated Blast-furnace Slag
GHG	GreenHouse Gas
GHS	Globally Harmonised System
GIFNFC	Government Industry Forum on Non-Food Crops
GIM	Group Interaction Modelling
GIRA	Grazing Incidence Reflection Absorption	FTIR technique
GL	Germanischer Lloyd	Hamburg - Germany
GLARE	Glass Laminate Aluminium Reinforced Epoxy
GM	Genetically Modified
GMC	Glass Matrix Composite
GMES	Global Monitoring of Environment and Security	European Community target capacity for 2008
GMI	Giant MagnetoImpedance
GMO	Genetically Modified Organism
GMS	GlycerolMonoStearate platiciser
GNF	Graphitic NanoFibres
GNP	Graphene/Graphite Nano Platelets	also abbreviated to NGP
GNP	Gross National Product
GPD	Grams Per Denier	Fibre properties
GPME	Generalised Porous Medium Equation
GPO	Co-poly(propyleneoxide-allylglycidylether) O-group rubber
GPR	Ground Penetrating Radar
GPRMC	European Composites Industry Association	Brussels - Belgium
GPS	Global Positioning System
GR-A	Government Rubber (USA): butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber
GR-P	Government Rubber (USA): thiokol rubber
GR-S	Government Rubber (USA): styrene-butadiene rubber
GR	Growth Rate
GRASP	Gas-assisted Real-time ASsessment of Permeability
GRP	Glass Reinforced Polyester
GRT	Ground Rubber Tyre
GSM	Grams per Square Metre
GSP	Generalised System of Preferences Scheme
GSS	Garden Soil Suspension
GST	Generalised Sampling Theorem
GTRI	Georgia Tech Research Institute
GX	Glass - unspecified	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers

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H	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
HAL	Hyper Articles en Lignes	Open access to e-prints papers or PhD theses from French universities or laboratories
HALE	High-Altitude, Long Endurance	QinetiQ unmanned aerial vehicle Zephyr
HALS	Hindered Amine Light Stabilisers
HALT	Highly Accelerated Life Testing
HASS	Highly Accelerated Stress Screening
HB	3-HydroxyButyrate
HCBMPP	High Compression Bladder Molding Prepreg Process	Quatro Composites
HCP	Hardened (Portland+) Cement Paste
HCP	Hexagonal Close Packing
HCTL	High Contour Tape Layers	Cincinnati Machine
HDPE	High Density PolyEthylene
HEAR	High Erucic Acid Resin
HEFCE	Higher Education Funding Council of England	Bristol - United Kingdom
HEI	Higher Education Institution
HET acid	HexachloroEndomethyleneTetrahydrophthalic acid	a.k.a chloroendic acid: monomer for reduced flammability in unsaturated polyester resins
HexFIT	Hexcel Film Infusion Technology
HexMC	Hexcel Sheet Moulding Compound
HFRPP	Hemp Fibre Reinforced PolyPropylene
HHx	3-HydroxyHexanoate
HiLDA	High Lift-to-Drag Aircraft	US Air Force Research Laboratory SensorCraft project
HIP	Hot Isostatic Pressing
HIRECAR	High value composite materials from recycled carbon fibre	DTI Technology Programme - April 2004 competition
HKL	Hardwood Kraft Lignin
HLU	Hand Lay-Up
HMC	High-glass content Moulding Compound
HMG	Her Majesty’s Government
HMRI	Her Majesty's Railway Inspectorate
HP	High Pressure
HPM	High Permeability Medium	Flow medium in RIFT in Composites, 2006, A37(9), 1316-1324.
HR	Heating Rate
HR	Human Resources
HRAGS	Highly Reliable Advanced Grid Structure
HSARPA	Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects Agency
HSC	High Speed (marine) Craft
HSE	Health and Safety Executive
HSM	High Speed Mixer
HT	Halpin-Tsai equations
HTS	High Tensile Strength
HTS	Hygrothermally Stable Laminates
HUMS	Health and Usage Monitoring Systems
HV	HydroxyValerate
HVI	High Volume Instrument	Measures fibre lengths, elongations and tensile strengths
HVOF	High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Thermal Spray Process
HVARTM	Heated Vacuum-Assisted Resin Transfer Molding process	Advaero Technologies

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I	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
IAC or IAF	International Accreditation Forum	Cherrybrook, NSW 2126 - Australia
IARC	International Automotive Research Centre	University or Warwick
IBAD	Ion-Beam Assisted Deposition
IBAW	International Biodegradable Polymers Association and Working Groups	IBAW EV - Berlin - Germany
IBEX	International Boat Builders' Exhibition and Conference
IBM	Injection Blow Moulding
IBMP	Integrated Bleeding/Breathing manufacturing Process	Resin Film Infusion (RIFT-III) process
I/CM	Injection/Compression Moulding
ICPA	International Cast Polymer Alliance
ICT	Industrial Computed Tomography
ICT	Information and Communications Technologies
IDEF	In-situ damage effective functions
IDEF0	Integrated DEFinition methods
IDEX	Interdigitated dielectric sensors	Cure monitoring technique
IED	Improvised Explosive Devices
IER	Initial Environmental Review
IFFIm	International Finance Facility for Immunisation
IFS	Index of Fineness Standards
IGDS	Integrated Graduate Development Scheme
IDNS	Inclined Double Notch Shear
IGT	Industrial Gas Turbine
IIR	Co-Poly(Isobutylene-Isoprene) R-group rubber
IJIRA	Indian Jute Industries' Research Association	Calcutta - India
IJO	International Jute Organisation (now IJSG)	Dhaka - Bangladesh
IJSG	International Jute Study Group	Dhaka - Bangladesh
ILO	International Labour Organisation	Geneva - Switzerland
IM	Ingot Metallurgical
IM	Innovative Manufacturing
IM	Polyisobutylene M-group rubber
IMC	In Mould Coating
IMD	In-Mould Decorating
IMechE	Institution of Mechanical Engineers
IMGC	In-Mould Gel Coating	Technology Programme - Zero Emission Enterprise project
IMO	International Maritime Organisation	London - England
INCO	InterNational Co-Operation
INCOM	Intelligent Composite Moulding	EPM
INNFM	Institute of non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics	University of Wales - Aberystwyth
IOM3	Institute of Materials, Mineral and Mining
IP	Induction Period
IP	Inventive Principle (in TRIZ)
	IP 01: Segmentation
	IP 02: Taking out
	IP 03: Local quality
	IP 04: Asymmetry
	IP 05: Merging
	IP 06: Universality
	IP 07: Nested doll
	IP 08: Anti-weight
	IP 09: Preliminary anti-action
	IP 10: Preliminary action
	IP 11: Prior cushioning
	IP 12: Equipotentiality
	IP 13: The other way round
	IP 14: Spheroidality or curvature
	IP 15: Dynamics
	IP 16: Abundance
	IP 17: Another dimension
	IP 18: Mechanical vibration
	IP 19: Periodic action
	IP 20: Continuity of useful action
	IP 21: Rushing through
	IP 22: Blessing in disguise
	IP 23: Feedback
	IP 24: Intermediary
	IP 25: Self-service
	IP 26: Copying
	IP 27: Cheap short-lived objects
	IP 28: Mechanics substitution
	IP 29: Pneumatics and hydraulics
	IP 30: Flexible shells and thin films
	IP 31: Porous materials
	IP 32: Colour change
	IP 33: Homogeneity
	IP 34: Discarding and recovering
	IP 35: Parameter change
	IP 36: Phase transition
	IP 37: Thermal expansion
	IP 38: Strong oxidants
	IP 39: Inert atmosphere
	IP 40: Composite materials
IP	Intellectual Property
IPCC	Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change	Geneva - Switzerland
IPM	Internal Pressure Molding	High quality net-shaped hollow parts using pre-preg materials.
IPN	InterPenetrating Networks
iPP	Isotactic Poly Propylene
IPP	Integrated Product Policy	Environmental policy toolbox currently being discussed within the EU
IPR	Intellectual Property Rights
IPS	Innovative Polymer Synthesis
IPV	Integrated PhotoVoltaics
IR	cis-poly(Isoprene) R-group synthetic rubber
IR	Infrared
IR	Information Retrieval
IRC	Interdisciplinary Research Centre
IRCS	Intelligent Responsive Composite Structures
IRT	InfraRed Thermography
ISD	Inclined Substrate Deposition
ISIS	Integrated Sensor Is Structure
ISIS	Spallation Neutron Source (RAL)
ISHMII	International Society for Structural Health Monitoring of Intelligent Infrastructure	Winnipeg - Manitoba, Canada
ISO	International Organisation for Standards	Geneva - Switzerland
ITD	Information Technology Directorate
ITP	Integrated Technology Programme
IW	Innovation Works	EADS at Ottobrun - Germany

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J	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
JAA	Joint Aviation Authorities	Hoofddorp - The Netherlands
JAXA	Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
JBE	Journal of Bionics Engineering
JBO	Jute Batching Oil	Hydrocarbon based pre-treatment to improve spinning of jute fibres
JCM	Journal of Composite Materials
JDA	Joint Development Agreement
JEAS	Jute Entrepreneurs Assistance Scheme
JFIT	Joint Framework for Information Technology
JI	Joint Implementation	Implementing UNFCCC policies and measures jointly with other countries
JIS	Japanese Industrial Standards
JISC	Joint Information Systems Committee
JLTV	Joint Light Tactical Vehicle
JMDA	Journal of Materials: Design and Applications (Proc IMechE Part L)
JMDC	Jute Manufacturers Development Council	Kolkata - India
JNPN	Journal of Nanostructured Polymers and Nanocomposites	Patras - Greece for Nanofun-Poly Network of Excellence
JRPC	Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites
JSF	F-35 Joint Strike Fighter programme
JTRL	Jute Technological Research Laboratory
J-UCAS	Joint Unmanned Combat Air Systems	DARPA project

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K	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
K	Calcium carbonate	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
KBBE	Knowledge-Based Bio-Economy
KHARDEP	Koshi Hill Area Rural Development Programme
KTN	Knowledge Transfer Networks
KTP	Knowledge Transfer Partnerships

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L	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
LAOS	Large Amplitude Oscillating Shear
LAS	Lithium Aluminium Sulphate
LASER	Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
LASS	Lightweight construction applications at sea
LB	Lower Bound
LCA	Life Cycle Assessment (or Life Cycle Analysis)	ISO14040:2006(E)
LCC	Life Cycle Costing	ISO14040:2006(E)
LCCA	Life Cycle Cost Assessment
LCD	Liquid Crystal Display
LCE	Liquid Crystalline Elastomer
LCF	Large Cargo Freighter	Boeing 747-400 adapted to carry B787 sub-assemblies
LCF	Low Cycle Fatigue
LCI	Life Cycle Inventory Analysis	ISO14040:2006(E)
LCIA	Life Cycle Impact Assessment	ISO14040:2006(E)
LCM	Laminated Composite Materials
LCM	Life Cycle Management	ISO14040:2006(E)
LCM	Liquid Composite Moulding
LCM²	Low-cost Composite Manufacturing by Liquid Composite Moulding
LCR	Lineal Crystal growth Rate
LCSRG	Lightweight and Composite Structures Research Group	University of Southampton
LCST	Lower Critical Solution Temperatures
LDPE	Low Density PolyEthylene
LEAP	Leading Edge Aviation Propulsion
LED	Light Emitting Diode
LEFM	Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics
LESA	Low Energy Adhesive Substrate	Dow Betamate^TM Structural Adhesives
LFRTP	Long Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics
LFT	Long Fibre reinforced Thermoplastics
LGC	Laboratory of the Government Chemist
LIMM	Laser Intensity Modulation Method
LIMS	Liquid Injection Moulding Simulation	University of Delaware software
LINK	LINK Collaborative Research	Government Office of Science and Technology
LiP	Lignin Peroxidases
LIPS	Laser-Induced Plasma Spectroscopy
LIV	Log ion viscosity	Measure of the progress of cure
LL	Lower Limit
LLC	Limit Load Capability
LLR	Limit Load Requirement
LMA	Lauryl MethAcrylate
LMM	Lifetime Management of Materials	National Physical Laboratory
LMT	Liquid Moulding Technologies
LOM	Laminated Object Manufacturing	Rapid Prototyping technique
LP	Low Pressure
LPA	Low Profile Additives
LQG	Linear Quadratic Gaussian
LRFD	Load and Resistance Factor Design	ASCE pre-standard (2011)
LRI	Liquid Resin Infusion
LROM	Linear Rule Of Mixtures
LRTM	Light Resin Transfer Molding
LSA	Light Sport Aircraft
LSF	Level Set Function
LSL	Lower Specification Limit
LSM	Laser Scanning Microscopy
LSP	Lightning Strike Protection
LTPS	Low-Temperature Polycrystalline Silicon
LTR	Loop Transfer Recovery
LUL	London Underground Limited
LVQ	Learning Vector Quantisation
LWRT	LightWeight Reinforced Thermoplastic composites	Quadrant Plastic Composites
LWST	Low Wind Speed Technology

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M	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
-M	suffix indicating M-group rubbers	polymer chain contains saturated C-C (eg CFM, EPDM, FPM)
MA	MaleicAnhydride
MABS	Methacrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer
MACT	Maximum Achievable Control Technology	US EPA standards
MAD	Maximum Allowable Damage
MADE	Manufacture, Assembly, Disassembly and End-of-life processing	Design Standard BS 8887-1:2006
MADIX	MAcromolecular Design via Interchange of Xanthate
MAESO	Maleated Acrylated Epoxidized Soybean Oil pre-polymer
MAH	Maleic AnHydride
MAJ	Main Assembly Jig
MALDI-TOF MS	Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spect"
MANTEX	Effects of Manufacturing on the Design and Performance of Textile Composites	University of Nottingham
MAPE	Maleic Anhydride grafted PolyEthylene
MaPEA	Materials Processing for Engineering Applications	EPSRC funding stream
MAPP	Maleic Anhydride grafted PolyPropylene	Coupling agent often used for natural fibres in PP
MAPS	Magnetic Anisotropic Prediction of Stress	The Engineer, 11 December 2007
MAS	Magnesium Aluminium Sulphate
MASER	Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
MatIGT	Materials Innovation and Growth Team
MAUW	Maximum All Up Weight
MBR	Membrane Bio-Reactor
MBS	Methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer
MBT	MercaptoBenzThiazole	Accelerator for rubber cure
MC	Materials Commission
MCA	Material Constituent Analysis
MCC	MicroCrystalline Cellulose
MCL	Medium Chain Length
MCQ	Material Characterization and Qualification
MCS	Monte Carlo Simulation
MDA	Methylene dianiline
MDA	Microwave dielectric analysis	Cure monitoring technique
MDF	Medium Density Fibreboard
MDI	Methylene Diphenyl diIsocyanate
MDSC	Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry
MDTA	Microfibre, Dust and Trash Analysis	Characterisation of natural fibre samples
MDTA	Modulated Differential Thermal Analysis
ME	Molecular Engineering
MEA	Membrane Electrode Assembly	Fuel cell technology
MeD	Metal fines, powder	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
MeF	Metal fibre	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
MEG	MagnetoEncephaloGraphy	Non-invasive measurement of cortical activity of the head
MEKP	Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide	Initiator for addition polymerisation/curing
MEMS	Micro Electro Mechanical Systems
MERL	Materials Engineering Research Laboratory
MESO	Methacrylated Epoxidised Soybean Oil
MESOTEX	MEchanical Simulation Of TEXtiles
MET	Measurement for Emerging Technologies	DTI-supported programme
METI	Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
MF	Melamine-Formaldehyde Resin
MFA	Material Flow Analysis	ISO14040:2006(E)
MFA	Multi Fibre Agreement
MFC	MicroFibrillated Cellulose
MFL	Magnetic Flux Leakage
MFQ	Fluorinated polydimethylsiloxane Q-group rubbers
MFT	Moldable Fabric Technology
MGC	Melt Growth Composites
MI	Melt Infiltration
MIA	Mechanical Impedance Analysis	Cure monitoring technique
MIBK	MethylIsoButylKetone
MIDAS	Microscope for Imaging, Diffraction and Analysis of Surfaces	Arizona State University in Tempe
MiF	Mineral fines, powder	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
MiF	Mineral fibre	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
MIP	Molecularly Imprinted Polymers
MIPE	[Pickering] medium internal phase emulsions
MIT	Magnetic Induction Tomography
MIT	Multiple Insert Tooling	Plastech TT Limited
MITI	Ministry of International Trade and Industry (now METI)
MLM	Multi-component Laminate Moulding	PS Allen, Plastics Rubber and Composites, 2005, 34(5/6), 254-258.
MLM-PropMat	Ultrasonic non-destructive testing	Registered Trademark of Nottingham University
MLP	Multi-Layer Perceptron
MMC	Metal Matrix Composites
MMMC	Metals and Magnetic Materials Committee
MMSC	Manchester Materials Science Centre	University of Manchester
MMT	Montmorillonite nano-clay
MMWK	Multi-axial Multi-layer Warp Knitted fabric composite
MNN	Modular Neural Networks
MOD	Ministry of Defence
MOD	Metal-Organic Deposition
MoDeSt	Modification, Degradation and Stabilisation
MoJo	Modular Joints for Aircraft Composite Structures	EC FP6 project
MOPVC	Molecular-Oriented Poly Vinyl Chloride
MORFS	Materials for Optimally Responsive Fabricated Structures	NextTech
MPA	Marine Protected Area
MPERG	Materials and Process Engineering Research Group	University of Exeter
MPF	Melamine-Phenolic resin
MPF	Mid-Point Flowering	Growth stage of bast fibre plants
MPI	Management Performance Indicator
MPG	Mould Pressure Guard (Plastech TT Limited)
MPQ	Polydimethylsiloxane with phenylmethylsiloxane Q-group rubbers
MPS	Manufacturing Process Simulation
MPVQ	Polydimethylsiloxane with vinyl groups Q-group rubbers
MQ	Polydimethylsiloxane Q-group rubbers
MQC	Material Qualification and Characterization
MRC	Medical Research Council	London - United Kingdom
MRCC	Manufacturers Recommended Cure Cycle
MRF	Material Recycling Facilities
MRI	(Nuclear) Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MRO	Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul
MRTT	Multi Role Transport Tanker	Modified Airbus A330
MS	Margin of Safety
MS	Mass Spectroscopy
MSDS	Manufacturer's Safety Data Sheets
MSE	Mean-Square-Error
MSEM	Multi-Stage Energy Model
MSI-SPAR	Maintaining Structural Integrity in yacht and wind turbine SPARs	DTI Technology Programme - April 2004 competition
MSW	Municipal Solid Waste
MTD	Marine Technology Directorate Limited
MTM	Monomer Transfer Moulding
MUA	Material Uncertainty Analysis
MUD	Maximum Ultimate Damage
MuEps	Mu-Epsilon software	Measurement, prediction and design of electromagnetic materials
MVCCI	Modified Virtual Crack Closure Integral
MWCNT	Multi-Walled Carbon Nano Tubes
MWNT	Multi-Walled Nano Tubes

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N	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
NaBasCo	Nature Based Composites
NAC	National Advisory Committee
NADCAP	National Aerospace and Defence Contractors Accreditation Program	now trading as NADCAP
NAIAS	North American International Auto Show
NAMTEC	National Metals Technology Centre
NATEX	Natural Aligned fibres and TEXtiles for use in Structural Composite Applications	European Commission Framework Programme 7 project 2008-2012
NATS	National Aerospace Technology Strategy
NBBA	New Building Block Approach	Bjorn Backman: Composite Structures, Design, Safety and Innovation, 2005.
NBR	Co-poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene) R-group rubber
NCCEF	National Composite Certification and Evaluation Facility	Northwest Composites Centre at Manchester University
NCF	Non-Crimp Fabric
NCJD	National Centre for Jute Diversification
NCN	National Composites Network	Cambridge - United Kingdom
NCP	National Contact Point
NCS	National Corrosion Service	National Physical Laboratory
NDA	Non-Disclosure Agreement
NDASP	National Defence & Aerospace Systems Panel	London - United Kingdom
NDD	Non-Detectable Damage
NDE	Non-Destructive Evaluation or Non-Destructive Examination
NDF	Neutral Detergent Fibre
NDI	Non-Destructive Inspection
NDIC	National Defence Industry Council
NDITS	National Defence Industry Technology Strategy
NDT	Non-Destructive Testing
NEM	Natural Element Method
NEMS	Nanoscale Electro-Mechanical Systems
NERC	Natural Environment Research Council	Swindon - United Kingdom
NESHAP	National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants	US EPA standards
NESTA	National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts
NEW-MMEETT	New Materials and Methods for Energy Efficient Tidal Turbines
NF	Natural Fibre	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
NFC	NanoFibrillated Cellulose
NFO	Norway Fish Oil ethyl ester
NGCC	Network Group for Composites in Construction
NGCW	Next Generation Composite Wing
NGO	Non-Governmental Organisation
NGP	Nano Graphene/Graphite Platelets	also abbreviated to GNP
NIAR	National Institute for Aviation Research	Wichita KS - USA
NICTAS	National Information Centre for Textiles and Allied Subjects	Ahmedabad - India
NILE	New Improvements for Ligno-cellulosic Ethanol
NIP	Non-Injection Point (when the viscosity exceeds 800-1000 mPas in LCM)
NIPAAM	N-isopropylacrylamide
NIR	Near InfraRed Reflectance
NIRJAF	National Institute of Research on Jute and Allied Fibre Technology	Kolkata - India
NIRS	Near Infra Red Spectroscopy
NISP	National Industrial Symbiosis Programme
NIST	National Institute of Standards and Technology	United States equivalent of UK National Physical Laboratory
NL	National List	Permitted Crops within a specific country
NMA	Nadic Methyl Anhydride (accelerator for epoxy resin)
NMR	Nuclear Magnetic Resonance	Chemical spectroscopy/non-destructive testing
NMSE	Normalised-Mean-Square-Error
NMT	Natural fibre Mat-reinforced Thermoplastics
NMVOC	Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds
NNFCC	National Non-Food Crops Centre	York Science Park
NoE	Network of Excellence
NOL	Naval Ordnance Laboratory	Now Naval Surface Weapons Center
NOTS	Nodal Optimisation of Truss Structures
NOVCOMPS	Novel Low Impact Polymer Matrix Composites	LINK CIMNFC, June 2002-July 2004
NOXs	Nitrogen oxides
NPG	Neo Pentyl Glycol
NPL	National Physical Laboratory
NR	cis-poly(isoprene) R-group rubber - Natural Rubber
NRC	Non-Recurring Costs
NRD	Non-Reconstructed Defective nanotubes
NREL	National Renewable Energy Laboratory	United States
NRKE	National Rural Knowledge Exchange	consortium of 14 English Universities and Colleges
NTC	Negative temperature coefficient	a measure of the response of thermistors
NUCC	Nottingham University Composites Club	Nottingham University
NWAA	NorthWest Aerospace Alliance	Nelson - Lancashire
NWTC	National Wind Technology Centre	United States

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O	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
-O	suffix indicating O-group rubbers	polymer chain contains C and O (eg CO, ECO and GPO)
OACM	Off-Axis Composite Material
OCAMAC	Oxford Centre for Advanced Materials and Composites	University of Oxford
OCCA	Oil & Colour Chemists' Association
OCT	Overheight Compact Tension specimen
ODPM	Office of the Deputy Prime Minister	London - United Kingdom
ODS	Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Alloys
OE	Open-ended (spinning systems)
OECD	Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development	Paris - France
OEL	Occupational Exposure Limits
OEM	Original Equipment Manufacturer
OFBG	Optical Fibre Bragg Grating
OFS	Optical Fibre Sensor
OLED	Organic Light Emitting Diodes
OMS	Obsolescence Management Strategy
OOA	Out-of-Autoclave
OOF	Object-Oriented Finite element analysis
OPEX	Operating Expenditure
OPF	Oil Palm Fibre composites
OPI	Operational Performance Indicator
ORR	Office of Rail Regulation	London - United Kingdom
OSA	Optical Spectrum Analyser
OSB	Oriented Strand Board
OSCIBLEND	direct compounding/injection moulding	Wolfson Centre for Materials Processing (Brunel University)
OST	Office of Science and Technology	London - United Kingdom
OT	Polymer of bis-chloroalkylether with sulphur T-group rubber
OTDR	Optical Time Domain Reflectometry	Technique for interrogating optical fibre sensors
OTFT	Organic Thin-Film Transistor
OVB	Oven Vacuum Bag	TD Juska et al in SAMPE Journal, 2009, 45(4), 22-36.
OWF	Offshore Wind Farm

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P	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
P	Mica	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
PA	Phased Array	Ultrasonic transducer configuration
PA	Polyamide
PAA	PolyAcrylicAcid
PAEK	PolyArylEtherKetone
PAI	Polyamideimide
PAIRS	Planning - Activity - Information - Risk - System	Sheldon and Yoxon on documentation
PALF	PineApple Leaf Fibre
PAMELA	Process for Advanced Management of End-of-Life Aircraft
PAN	Personal Area Network
PAN	Polyacrylonitrile
PANI	Polyaniline
PAR	Power Augmentation of a Ram-wing	blowing of air under the wing to augment the air cushion
PAR-WIG	Power Augmentation of a Ram Wing In Ground-effect
PAsp	PolyAsparticAcid
PAUT	Phased Arrays for Ultrasound Testing
PBA	Physical Blowing Agent
PBAT	PolyButyleneAdipateTerephthalate
PBI	PolyBenzImidazole
PBO	Poly-p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole
PBS	Phosphate Buffer Solution
PBS	PolyButyleneSuccinate
PBSA	PolyButyleneSuccinateAdipate
PBST	PolyButyleneSuccinateTerephthalate
PBT	Polybutyleneterephthalate
PC	Polycarbonate
PC	Polymer Concrete
PCA	Principal Component Analysis networks
PCB	Poly Chlorinated Biphenyls
PCB	Printed Circuit Board
PCC	Polymers and Composites Committee	Former SERC committee
PCCE	Poly(cyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate)
PCL	Polycaprolactone
PCM	Phase Change Materials
PCT	Porous Cavity Tooling	BAE Systems/EPSRC FLAVIIR project
PCTA	Poly(cyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate acid)
PCTG	Poly(cyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate glycol)
PD	Peroxide Decomposers
PD	Potential Difference
PDA	Personal Digital Assistant
PDCA	Plan - Do - Check - Act
PDE	Partial Differential Equations
PDF	Probability Density Functions
PDLA	Poly(D-Lactide)
PDLLA	Poly(D,L-Lactide)
PDMS	Polydimethylsiloxane
PDO	Ply Drop-Off
PDO	PolyDiOxone
PDO	1,3 Propanediol
PDS	Product design specification
PE	Polyethylene
PEA	Permeability Estimation Algorithm
PEA	PolyEtherAmide
PEA	PolyEthyleneAdipate
PEAM	Processing and Engineering Applications of Materials
PEC	Process Engineering Committee
PEEP	Personal Emergency Evacuation Plan
PEEK	Poly (aryl) ether ether ketone
PEG	PolyEthyleneGlycol
PEG	Polymer Engineering Group	Former SERC autonomous unit
PEI	Poly ether imide
PEK	Poly (aryl) ether ketone
PEK	Poly(Enol-Ketone)
PEKK	Poly (aryl) ether ketone ketone
PEN	Polyethylene naphthalate
PEO	PolyEthyleneOxide
PEPT	Positron Emission Particle Tracking
PES	PolyEtherSulphone
PEST	Political - Economic - Social - Technological
PESTE	Political - Economic - Social - Technological - Ecological
PET	PolyEthyleneTerephthalate
PETG	Polyethylene terephthalate glycol
PF	Phenol-Formaldehyde resin
PF	Picture Frame shear test
PFA	Poly Furfuryl Alcohol	Furan resin
PFA	Progressive Failure Analysis
PFA	Pulverised Fuel Ash
PFC	Piezoelectric Fibre Composites
PFS	Poly FerroCenyl Silanes
γ-PGA	Poly(γ-GlutamicAcid)
PGA	PolyGlycolicAcid
PGD	Proper Generalised Decomposition
PGR	Plant Genetic Resources	Wageningen University - The Netherlands
PHA	PolyHydroxyAlkanoate
PHB	PolyHydroxyButyrate
PHBV	PolyHydroxyButyrate/Hydroxyvalerate
PHB/HV	PolyHydroxyButyrate/Hydroxyvalerate
P(HB-co-HHx)	Poly(HydroxyButyrate/HydroxyHexanoate) copolymer
PHO	PolyHydroxyOctanoate
PHR	Parts by weight per Hundred of Rubber/Resin
PHS	Plastics Historical Society
PI	Polyimide
PI	Powder Impregnation
PIAM	Polymer Injection Advanced Moulding	Winter School, French Alps, 15-19 January 2007
PIB	Poly (isobutylene)
PID	Proportional - Integral - Derivative	Control methodology
PIERS	Permeability Identification using Electrical Resistance Sensors
PIM	Powder Impression Moulding	3DM Worldwide plc - Caerphilly - Wales
PIM	Polymers with Intrinsic Microporosity	Potential hydrogen storage materials
PinPoint	Ultrasonic non-destructive testing	Registered Trademark of QinetiQ Limited
PIP	Polymer Infiltration and Pyrolysis
PIPD	Polypyridobisimidazole
PIR	Polyisocyanurate resin
PK	Polyketone
PKC	Palm Kernel Cake
PLA	PolyLacticAcid (polylactide)
PLC	Programmable Logic Controller
PLD	Pulsed Laser Deposition
PLGA	Poly(Lactic-GlycolicAcid)
PLLA	Poly-L-Lactic Acid or Poly(L-Lactide)
PLNG	Pressurised Liquid Natural Gas
Ply Fingerprinting	Ultrasonic non-destructive testing	Registered Trademark of QinetiQ Limited
PM	Powder Metallurgical processes
PMA	PolyMethAcrylate
PMC	Polymer Matrix Composite
PMD	Percentage Mean Deviation
PMDETA	PentaMethylDiEthyleneTriAmine	Initiator for atom transfer radical polymerization
PMI	Poly (methacrylamide)
PMDI	Polymeric Methylene Diphenyl diIsocyanate
PMF	Polarisation-Maintaining Fibre
PMMA	Poly (methylmethacrylate)
PMMI	Polymethylmethacrylimide
PMP	Poly (methylpentene) = TPX
PMR	Polymerisation of Monomeric Reactants
PMV	Point of minimum viscosity
PNIPAAM	Poly N-isopropylacrylamide
POD	Probability of Detection	usually for a non-destructive testing technique
POEMS	Project Oriented Environmental Management System	UK Ministry of Defence
POF	Polymer Optical Fibre
PolyFEM	Polymer Fillers Emulsified Materials	Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
POM	Polyoxymethylene (a.k.a. acetal or polyformaldehyde)
POME	Palm Oil Mill Effluent
POP	PolyOlefin Plastomers
POSMS	Project Oriented Safety Management System	UK Ministry of Defence
POSS	Polyhedral Oligomeric SilSesquioxane	nanocomposites
PP	PolyPropylene
PPA	PolyPhthalAmides
PPAA	Poly(Propylene-AcrylicAcid)
PPARC	Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council	Swindon - United Kingdom. Formerly part of SERC - now part of STFC.
PPC	Pollution Prevention and Control Act 1999
PPD	ParaPhenyleneDiamines	Antioxidant and antiozonant for rubber
PPE	Personal Protective equipment
PPE	Poly(phenylene ether)
PPFA	Probabilistic Progressive Failure Analysis
PPO	Poly phenylene oxide
PPP	Public-Private Partnership
PPPT	Poly para-phenylene terephthalate
PPS	Poly phenylene sulphide
PPSU	Poly phenylene sulphone
PPT	Poly propylene terephthalate
PPTA	Poly para-phenylene terephthalate
PQQ	PyrroloQuinolineQuinone	Required for the dehydrogenase reaction in PVA
PreCarBi	Preimpregnated Carbon Binder yarn
PRD	Parametric Robust Design	ASC Genoa
prEN	Preliminary enquiry vote for EN standard
PRISM	Processing, Reliability and Integrity of Structure and Materials	University of Plymouth Research Group
PRIZM	Pravila Reshenija Izobretatel'skih Zadach Modernizirovannye	translates as The Rules of Inventive Problem Solving - Modernised
PS	Parallel-Series
PS	PolyStyrene
PS-SY	Polystyrene (syndiotactic)
PSA	Parallel Square Array of aligned fibres
PSE	Principal Structural Element
PSIA	Pressure (pounds per square inch) absolute	Pressure relative to a perfect vacuum
PSID	Pressure (pounds per square inch) differential	Pressure difference between two input pressures
PSIG	Pressure (pounds per square inch) gauge	Pressure with respect to the local atmospheric pressure
PSIS	Pressure (pounds per square inch) sealed	Pressure relative to 1 atm at sea level
PSM	Problem Solving Method
PSMAH	Poly (Styrene Maleic-Anhydride)
PSP	Pressure Sensitive Paint
PSRE	Public Sector Research Exploitation Fund
PSU	Polysulphone
PTB	Physikalisch-Technische Bundestalt	Braunschweig - Germany
PTC	Positive temperature coefficient	a measure of the response of thermistors
PTC	Production Tax Credit
PTFE	Poly tetrafluoroethylene
PTP	Postgraduate Training Partnership
PTT	Poly Trimethylene Terephthalate
PUI	Poly(urethaneimides)
PUM	Partition of Unity-based Methods
PUR	Polyurethane resin
PVA	PolyVinylAcetate or PolyVinylAlcohol
PVAc	Poly vinyl acetate
PVADH	Poly Vinyl Alcohol DeHydrogenase
PVC	Poly vinyl chloride
PVD	Physical Vapour Deposition
PVDF	Poly vinylidene fluoride
PVOA	Poly(sodiumVinylOxyAcetate)
PVOH	Poly vinyl alcohol
PVP	Poly n-vinylpyrrolidone
PVSD	Plant Varieties and Seed Division	Defra
PVT	Pulsed video thermography (NDT technique)
PZEV	Partial Zero Emissions Vehicle	MERL project
PZT	Lead (Pb) zirconium titanate	Piezoelectric transducer material
PZT	Poly Zircono Carbosilane

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Q	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
-Q	suffix indicating Q-group rubbers	silicone rubbers (eg MQ, MFQ, MPQ, MPVQ)
Q	Silica	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
QI	Quasi-Isotropic	0°/±45°/90° or 0°/60°/120° laminate
QNL	QinetiQ Nanomaterials Limited	Farnborough - United Kingdom
QMS	Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry
QMS	Quality Management System(s)
QR	Quality Research

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R	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
-R	suffix indicating R-group rubbers	polymer chain contains unsaturation (eg BR, CR, IIR, NBR, SBR)
R&TD	Research and Technological Development
RAE	Research Assessment Exercise 2008
RAEng	Royal Academy of Engineers	London - United Kingdom
RAFT	Reversible Addition–Fragmentation chain-Transfer
RAL	Requisitory Assessment Level
RAL	Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
RAM	Reliability, Availability and Maintainability
RAMP	Reaction Assisted Molding Process	CardXX of Englewood - Colorado
RANSE	Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations
RaRAT	Rapid Repair Analysis Tool	ESRD contract for the U.S. Navy in support of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter.
RARTM	Rubber Assisted Resin Transfer Moulding
RATRP	Reverse Atom Transfer Radical Polymerisation
RBF	Radial Basis Function networks
RBI	Risk Based Inspection
RBO	Rice Bran Oil technology	Eco-friendly process for production of jute sacks for packing foodstuffs
RBSN	Reaction Bonded Silicon Nitride
RC	Recurring Costs
RC	Research Council
RCD	Recreational Craft Directive	European Community directive
RCF	Recycled Carbon Fibres
RCUK	Research Councils United Kingdom	Strategic partnership to champion research, training and innovation
RDA	Regional Development Agencies
RDCFL	Rapid Dry Carbon Fibre Lay-up
RDECOM	Research, Development and Engineering Command	US Army
RDV	Rapid Deployment Vehicle
REACH	Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals
RECCOMP	Recycling Composites	DTI Technology Programme - April 2004 competition
RECIPE	Reduced Energy Consumption in Plastics Engineering	EC Energy and Transport Directorate Intelligent Energy – Europe project
REPA	Resource and Environmental Process Analysis
REV	Representative Element(ary) Volume
RF	Aramid fibre	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
RFI	Resin Film Infusion
RFID	Radio Frequency Identification
RFP	Request for Proposal
RFR	Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Resin
RH	Relative Humidity
RHQT	Rapid Heating Quenching and Transformation
RICE	Rest - Ice - Compression - Elevation	Emergency First Aid on sprains
RIDFT	Resin Infusion between Double Flexible Tooling	JR Thagard PhD thesis, Florida State University, 2003. JRPC, 2004.
RIFT	Resin Infusion under Flexible Tooling
RIM	Reaction Injection Moulding
RIMFIRE	Robotic In Mould FIbre REinforcement)
RIRM	Resin Injection Recirculation Moulding
RITE	Reducing the Impact of Textiles on the Environment industry network
RIvEt	Record Individual Evaluation	European Commission Framework Programme 7 software
RLI	Resin Liquid Infusion
RLV	Reusable Launch Vehicle
RMS	Root Mean Square
RMS	Royal Microscopical Society
RMSE	Root-Mean-Square-Error
RMU	Removal Units	Sink credits traded through the emissions trading and JI mechanisms
RNN	Recurrent Neural Network
ROADLITE	Low Investment Manufacturing of Large Transportation Structures	University of Nottingham
RoHS	Restriction of Hazardous Substances	Directive 2002/95/EC
ROM	Rule of Mixtures
ROPS	RollOver Protective Structure
RPA	Rural Payments Agency
RR	Round Robin
RRC	Residual Resin Content (after fire)
RRIM	Reinforced Reaction Injection Moulding
RRM	Renewable Raw Material
RRS	Resonance Raman Scattering (chemical spectroscopy)
RRVE	Random Representative Volume Element
RS	Research Studentships
RS	Residual Strength
RS	Royal Society	London - United Kingdom
RSTE	Revised Stress Transfer Efficiency
RTC	Reconfigurable Tooling Concept	BAE Systems/EPSRC FLAVIIR project
RTD	Research and Technological Development
RTFO	Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation
RTM	Resin Transfer Moulding
RTO	Research and Technology Organisation
RTSG	Research Training Support Grant
RTU	Remote Titration Unit
RTV	Room Temperature Vulcanising
RT-PCR	Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
RUC	Representative Unit Cell
RUSTI	Research Unit in Surfaces, Transforms and Interfaces	Daresbury Laboratory
RVE	Representative Volume Element
RVIA	Recreational Vehicle Industry Association	Reston VA - United States of America

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S	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
S³P	Solid-State Shear Pulverisation
S-scan	Sector scan	Ultrasonic phased array NDT technique
SAFT	Synthetic aperture focussing technique	Ultrasonic NDT - Pitkanen poster at ECNDT 2006
SALB	South-American Leaf Blight	fungal disease could reduce natural rubber production by millions of tonnes
SAM	Scanning Acoustic Microscopy
SAM	Slice Array Model
SAMPE	Society for the Advancement of Materials and Process Engineering
SAN	Styrene Acrylonitrile copolymer
SANS	Small-Angle Neutron Scattering
SAO	Secondary Alcohol Oxidase
SAXS	Small Angle X-ray Scattering
SBAC	Society of British Aerospace Companies	London - United Kingdom
SBC	Styrenic Block Copolymers
SBCF	Stretch-Broken Carbon Fibre	Fibreforge, Glenwood Springs CO (USA)
SBIR	Small Business Innovative Research	HSARPA - USA
SBR	co-poly(Styrene-Butadiene) R-group rubber
SBRI	Small Business Research Initiative
SBS	Block co-poly(styrene-butadiene-styrene)
SC	Sub-Committee
SCA	Silane Coupling Agents
SCCO2	SuperCritical Carbon Dioxide
SCF	Save the Children Fund	London - United Kingdom
SCLCP	Side Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymer
SCOR	Supply Chain Operations Reference
SCORBEND	Shear Controlled Extrusion of Bent Pipes	SCOREX pipe bending at the die
SCOREX	Shear Controlled Orientation EXtrusion	Wolfson Centre for Materials Processing (Brunel University)
SCORIM	Shear Controlled Orientation Injection Moulding	Wolfson Centre for Materials Processing (Brunel University)
SCORTECH	Shear Controlled Orientations Technology	Wolfson Centre for Materials Processing (Brunel University)
SCRATCH	Support for CollaboRative Aeronautical TeChnical researcH	AeroSME
SCREAM	Simple, compact, robust, economical, accessible to service, maintainable	Victor Marine KTP project
SCRIMP	Seeman Composites Resin Infusion Molding Process
SCS	Self-Consistency Scheme
SCSF	Semi Continuous Shear Flow
SD	Sustainable Development
SDM	Special Division Multiplexing	Signal processing for optical fibre sensors
SDM	Static Damage Model
SEAL	Sensors and Electromagnetic Applications Laboratory	Georgia Tech Research Institute
SEBS	Styrene-Ethylene/Butylene-Styrene
SECNB	Single-Edge Chevron-Notched Beam
SEDR	Strain Energy Damage Rate
SEM	Scanning Electron Microscope
SEM	Strip Element Method
SEMTA	Science, Engineering, Manufacturing Technologies Alliance	A Sector Skills Council
SEN	Single Edge-Notched fracture specimens
SEPS	Styrene-Ethylene/Propylene-Styrene
SER	Spray Enzyme Retting
SERC	Science and Engineering Research Council	Predecessor of EPSRC, PPARC and part of BBSRC
SERR	Strain Energy Release Rate
SES	Surface Effect Ship
SF	Safety Factor
SF	Structural Foam
SFA	Substance Flow Analysis
SFH	Standard Fastness Hours	Measurement of colour change
SFRTP	Short Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics
SGTF	Stress Generated Thermal Field (thermographic NDT)
SGTF	Saint Gobain Technical Fabrics
SHArC	Stratified Hard Armour Composite	Naba Tailored Composite Solutions
SHPB	Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar	Also known as Kolsky Bar
SIC	Stress Induced Crystallisation
SICA	South Indian Cotton Association
SiCp	Silicon Carbide particles
SiCw	Silicon Carbide whiskers
SIDER	Structural Irregularity and Damage Evaluation Routine
SIF	Strain Intensity Factor
SIFT	Strain-Invariant Failure Theory
SIGMA	Sustainability Integrated Guidelines for MAnagament
SiHA	Silicon-substituted hydroxyapatite
SIMdex	Structural Integrity Monitoring inDEX
SIMM	Scanning Indentation Mechanical Microscope
SIMoNET	Structural Integrity Monitoring Network
SIMPL	Safety in Manufacturing Plastics initiative	British Plastics Federation .. UK Composites
SIMPLE	Space Inflatable Membrane structures Pioneering Long-term Experiments
SIMS	School of Industrial and Manufacturing Science	Cranfield University
SIP	Structural Insulated Panels	Aquentium's Disaster Relief Housing Subsidiary (HERE International)
SIS	Block co-poly(styrene-isoprene-styrene)
SITRA	South India Textile Research Association
SKL	Softwood Kraft Lignin
SL	StereoLithography	Rapid Prototyping technique
SLA	Synthetic Lightweight Aggregate
SLI	Single Line Injection	Autoclave-based resin infusion using one pipe for evacuation and for resin feed
SLIPDUCTS	Swelling-Loss of Control-Immobility-Pain-Deformity-Unnatural-Crepitus-Tenderness-Shock	Emergency First Aid on fractures
SLOE	Standard Limits of Error	Percentage of temperature in degrees Celcius referenced to 0°C
SMA	Stearyl MethAcrylate
SMAH	Styrene-MaleicAnhydride copolymer
SMART	Sensors Mounted As Roving Threads
SMART	Specific - Measurable - Achievable - Realistic - Time-related
SMARTmat	Smart Materials, Surfaces and Structures Network	A node of Materials Knowledge Transfer Network
SMC	Sheet Moulding Compound
SME	Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises
SME	Specific Mechanical Energy
SMES	Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage
SMMT	Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Limited	London - United Kingdom
SMP	Seamless Molding Paste	For high temperature resistant tools and master models
SMP	Shape Memory Polymer
SMSE	School of Marine Science and Engineering
SNR	Signal-to-Noise Ratio
SOCMA	Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturers Association	Washington DC - USA
SOE	School of Engineering	University of Plymouth
SOE	Surface-Oxidation Epitaxy
SOFFICE	Silent Office	DTI Technology Programme - April 2004 competition
SOFI	Spray-On Foam Insulation
SOFM	Self-Organising Feature Maps
SOLAS	Safety of Life at Sea
SOPEP	SOybean Phosphate Ester
SP	Series-Parallel
SPATE	Stress Pattern Analysis by Thermal Emission
SPC	Statistical Process Control
SPE	Society of Plastics Engineers	United States organisation
SPF	SuperPlastic Forming
SPH	Smoother Particle Hydrodynamics
SPI	Society of the Plastics Industry	United States organisation
SPM	Scanning Probe Microscope
SPMI	Semi Permeable Membrane Infusion
SPRINT	Structural Polymers Resin Infusion New Technology	SP Systems
SPS	Sandwich Plate System
SPS	Single Payment Scheme
SPS	Steel panel systems
SPS	Steel Polyurethane Sandwich
sPS	Syndiotactic Polystyrene
SPT^TM	Subtractive Pin Tooling mould manufacture	Surface Generation Limited
SQRTM	Same Qualified RTM	Qualified prepreg resins injected into dry and prepreg preforms. Sara Black in HPC
SR	Super Resolution
SRA	Strategic Research Agenda
SRBSN	Sintered Reaction Bonded Silicon Nitride
SRIM	Structural (reinforced) Reaction Injection Moulding
SRS	Synchrotron Radiation Source	Daresbury Laboratory
SSA	Successive Self-nucleation and Annealing
SSARM	Society for Sustainable Agriculture and Resource Management
SSD	Simple Steepest Descent
SSFEM	Spectral Stochastic Finite Element Method
SSSHS	Sheffield Solid State Heating System
ST	Styrene
STA	Simultaneous Thermal Analyser
StackScan	Ultrasonic non-destructive testing	Registered Trademark of QinetiQ Limited
STAR	Sweep Twist Adaptive Rotor
STEX	STeam EXplosion
STFC	Science and Technology Facilities Council	formerly CLRC and PPARC
STFT	Short Time Fourier Transform
STO	Studentships Tenable Overseas
S-TOFD	Shear-wave time of flight diffraction
STReP	Strategic Targeted Research Projects
SUMEEPnet	Sustainable Use of Materials for Electrical and Electronic Products	Network hosted by GnoSys UK at the University of Surrey
SusCompNet	Sustainable Composites Network	BioComposites Centre - University of Wales Bangor
SustComp	Sustainable Composites project
SVD	Singular Valued Decomposition
SvHC	Substances of very High Concern
SW CoRE	South West Chamber of Rural Enterprise
SWAIN	South West Angels and Investor Network	Bristol
SWCNT	Single-Walled Carbon Nano Tubes
SWE	Stress Wave Emission (a.k.a. acoustic emission)
SWERDA	South West of England Regional Development Agency
SWF	Stress Wave Factor (acousto-ultrasonics)
SWMAS	South West Manufacturing Advisory Service	DTI
SWNT	Single-Walled Nano Tubes
SWORL	Sprayable, Workable, One-part/low-odor, Reusable, Long-lasting	Prairie Technology Group vacuum bagging system
SWSIC	South West Science and Industry Council	Bristol
SYD	Stitched Yarn induced fibre Distortion

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T	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
-T	suffix indicating T-group rubbers	polymer chain contains C, O and S (eg OT and EOT)
T	Talc	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
TA	Type approval
TANGO	Technology Application of Near term [aerospace] Goals & Objectives
TARRC	Tun Abdul Razak Research Centre	Brickendonbury - England
TBC	Thermal Barrier Coatings
TBP	t-butyl peroxy benzoate	free-radical initiator
TC	Technical Committee
TC	TriethylCitrate plasticiser
TCA	TriCarboxylicAcid
TCD	Teaching Company Directorate
TCL	Trans Crystalline Layer
TCR	Thermal Contact Resistance
TCS	Teaching Company Schemes	TCS has been succeeded by Knowledge Transfer Partnerships, see KTP
TCT	Tidal Current Turbine
Td	Degradation temperature
TD	Technology Demonstration
TDERR	Total Damage Energy Release Rate
TDI	Toluene Di Isocyanate
TDM	Time Division Multiplexing	Signal processing for optical fibre sensors
TDP	Technology Demonstration Programme
TDP	4,4'-Thiodiphenol
TDPA	Totally Degradable Plastic Additives	EPI Environmental Technologies Inc
TDR	Time Dependent Reliability
TDRI	Technology Development Research Initiative	BBSRC
TEA	Tri Ethanol Amine	plasticiser
TEAM	Textile Engineering and Materials Research Group	De Montfort University
TECABS	Technologies for Carbon Fibre Reinforced Modular Automotive Body Structures
TEEE	Thermoplastic ester- and ether-elastomers
TEM	Transmission Electron Microscope
TEXFLAX	Processing/cultivation of short fibre flax for high value textile end uses	LINK CIMNFC GR/R64261/01 LK0809, January 2002-June 2005
TexGen	Textile composites modelling software	University of Nottingham
TFT	Thin Film Transistor
Tg	Glass transition temperature
TGA	Thermogravimetric analysis (weight loss vs temperature)
TGDDM	Tetra Glycidyl-4,4'-Diamino Diphenyl Methane	Monomer for epoxy resin
TGDDS	Tetra Glycidyl-4,4'-Diamino Diphenyl Sulphone	Monomer for epoxy resin
TGMDA	Tetra Glycidyl Methylene Di Aniline
ThermoformNet	Enhancing thermoplastic composites	EPSRC Network
ThermoSonics	Ultrasound Stimulated Thermography
THF	TetraHydroFuran
TiGr	Titanium-Graphite fibre metal laminates
TILLING	Targetting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes
TIPS	Theory of Inventive Problem Solving	loose translation of Teorija Reshenija Izobretatel'skih Zadach (TRIZ)
TIPS	Thermally Induced Phase Separation
TIRF	Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence microscopy
TKP	Tamarind Kernel Powder	Sizing material for jute
TLR	TransLaminar Reinforced composite	a laminate with up to 5v/o reinforcement in a translaminar or through-thickness direction
Tm	Crystalline melting point/temperature range
TMA	Thermo-mechanical analysis
T-MAG	Casting process for super lightweight magnesium alloys	CSIRO Australia
TMC	Thick Moulding Compound
TMC	Titanium Matrix Composites
TMDSC	Temperature Modulated Differential Scanning Calorometry
TMMC	Titanium Metal Matrix Composites
TMP	ThermoMechanical Pulping
TNA	Training Needs Analysis
TOD	Threshold of Detectability	FAR section 23.573
TOFD	Time of Flight Diffraction	Ultrasonic NDT
TOX	Total Halogen Content	ISO14044:2006(E)
Tp	Processing temperature
TPA	TerePhthalicAcid
TPA	Thermoplastic polyamide elastomer
TPC	Thermoplastic copolyester elastomer
TPE	ThermoPlastic Elastomer
TPF	ThermoPlastic Flowforming	LRM Industries LLC
TPNR	ThermoPlastic Natural Rubber
TPO	Thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer
TPRC	Thermoplastic Composites Research Centre	University of Twente in The Netherlands
T-preg	T-preg™ HTD (thermally conductive, electrically insulating prepreg)	Laird Technologies
TPS	Thermoplastic styrenic elastomer
TPU	Thermoplastic PolyUrethane
TPV	Thermoplastic rubber vulcanisates
TPX	Poly (methyl pentene)
TPZ	Unclassified thermoplastic elastomer
TQM	Total Quality Management
TREC	Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy Cooperation
TRFA	Thermoset Resin Formulators Association
TRIZ	Teorija Reshenija Izobretatel'skih Zadach	loosely translates as Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TIPS)
TRL	Technology Readiness Level
TRL	Transmit Receive Longitudinal	Ultrasonic twin crystal probes which generate angled longitudinal waves
TRM	Technology Road Mapping
TROC	TRuncated OCtahedron	Lauge Fuglsang Nielsen, Composite Materials, Springer, 2005.
TSA	Thermoelastic Stress Analysis (thermal NDT)
TSC	Textile Structural Composites
TSTMP	TriSodiumTriMetaPhosphate	Crosslinking agent for starch
TTSP	Time-Temperature Superposition Principle
TTSSP	Time-Temperature-Stress Superposition Principle
TUFS	Technology Upgradation Fund Scheme
TWF	Triaxially Woven Fabric
TZP	Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystals

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U	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
-U	suffix indicating U-group rubbers	polymer chain contains C, N and O (eg AU and EU)
UAV	Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
UAVSA	Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Systems Association
UB	Upper Bound
UD	Unidirectional
UDIL	University Directors of Industrial Liason
UF	Urea-Formaldehyde Resin
UFC	Universities Funding Council
UHM	Ultra High Modulus
UHMWPE	Ultra High Molecular Weight Poly Ethylene
UIM	Union Internationale Motonautique
UIRD	University-Industry Relations Database	European Space Agency
UKCME	UK Centre for Materials Education	A Subject Centre of the Higher Education Academy
UK-SPEC	UK Standards for Professional Engineering Competence	Engineering Council UK
UKTI	United Kingdom Trade and Investment
UL	Upper Limit
ULC	Ultimate Load Capability
ULR	Ultimate Load Requirement
Ultem	Poly Ether Imide	GE Plastics
UMARI	University of Manchester Aerospace Research Institute
UMV	Unmanned Marine Vehicles
UN	United Nations
UNDEX	Underwater Explosion
UNFCCC	UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
UP	Unsaturated Polyester
UPE	Unsaturated PolyEster
US	Ultrasonic or Ultrasound
USD	United States Dollar
USL	Upper Specification Limit
USS	UltraSound Spectoscopy	Industrial Tomography Systems plc
USV	Unmanned Surface Vehicles
UTC	University Technology Centre
UTM	Universal Testing Machine
UUK	Universities UK	London - United Kingdom
UV	UltraViolet
UVF	UltraViolet Fluorescence
UUV	Unmanned Underwater Vehicles
UVA	UltraViolet Absorbers
UVF	UltraViolet Fluorescence
UVH	Unmanned Vehicle Host Ship
UVRTM	UltraViolet cure Resin Transfer Moulding

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V	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
v/o	volume percentage
VAIM	Vacuum-Assisted Injection Moulding
VAM	Valid Analytical Measurement	Laboratory of the Government Chemist
VAMAS	Versailles project on Advanced Materials And Structures
VARI	Vacuum-Assisted Resin Injection
VARIM	Vacuum-Assisted Resin Injection Moulding
VARTM	Vacuum-Assisted Resin Transfer Moulding (a.k.a. SCRIMP^TM)
VAWT	Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
VBEPS	VB software for calculation of permittivity by transmission measurement
VBMUE	VB software for calculation of permittivity (m) and permeability (ε)
VBROP	Visual Basic Radome Optimisation Program	Optimisation and design of microwave absorbers, radar transparencies etc
VCCT	Virtual Crack Closure Technique
VCE	Virtual Centre of Excellence
VCFEM	Voronoi Cell Finite Element Method
VCIPT	Virtual Centre for Industrial Process Tomography
VCT	Variable Cavity Tooling	BAE Systems/EPSRC FLAVIIR project
VCU	Value for Cultivation and Use	Assessment of plant varieties
VDF	Viscosity dependent fluorescence
VE	Vinyl Ester resin
VERITy	Vacuum Enhanced Resin Infusion Technology	National Aerospace Laboratories - Bangalore
VEUH	Vinyl Ester Urethane Hybrid resin system
VGCF	Vapour-grown carbon fibres	Pyrograf Products
VHP	Vacuum Hot Pressing
VIARTM	Vibration Assisted Resin Transfer Moulding
VI	Vacuum Infusion
VIGV	variable Inlet Guide Vane
VIM	Vacuum Infusion Moulding
VIMP	Vacuum Infusion Moulding Process
VIP	Vacuum Infusion Process
VIP	Vendor Inspection Program
VIPR	Vacuum Infusion Preform Relaxation	CCM Delaware
VirCon	VIRtual CONsultant	DTI funded web-site produced by MERL Ltd and RAPRA Technology Ltd
VITAL	To significantly reduce aircraft engine noise and CO2 emissions	EC and Snecma Moteurs research program to reduce noise and weight
VLF	Very Long Fibre
VLJ	Very Light Jet	Adam Aircraft
VM/RTM Light	A hybrid RIFT/RTM vacuum moulding system (Plastech TT Limited)
VNC	Vibrating Needle Curemeter	RAPRA Technology
VOC	Volatile Organic Compound	ISO14044:2006(E)
VOF	Volume Of Fluid method
VOPnet	Vegetable Oil Polymers network	University of Warwick
VPO	Venture Philanthropy Organisation
VPS	Velcro Pin Stripe
VRP	Vehicle Recycling Partnership LLC
VRTM	Vacuum-assisted Resin Transfer Moulding
VSCS	Variable Structure Control System
VSM	Value Stream Mapping
VT	Virtual Testing
VTRMM	Virtual Testing Risk Management Methodology
VTSS	Virtual-reality based Test and Simulation System

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W	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
w/o	water/oil
w/o	weight percentage
WAXS	Wide Angle X-ray scattering
WD	ISO Working Draft (within a Working Group)
WDM	Wavelength Division Multiplexing	Signal processing for optical fibre sensors
WEEE	Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment	Directive 2002/96/EC
WF	Wide Flange (in the context of GFRP pultrusions)
WI	Working Group
WIG	Wing In Ground-effect	a.k.a. AGEC (Germany), ekranoplan (Russia) or wingship (USA)
WINGNet	Sustainable Use of Materials for Aerospace Applications
wingship	American term for WIG boat
WIPS	Wing Ice Protection System
WIWK	Warp (or weft) Insertion Weft (or warp) Knit fabrics
WISE	Women Into Science, Engineering and Construction
WISE(S)	Wing In Surface Effect (Ship)
WISED	Women in Science, Engineering and Design	UK All-Party Parliamentary Group
WLAN	Wireless Local Area Network
WMG	Warwick Manufacturing Group	University of Warwick
WMNC	Wood Montmorillonite Nano Composites
WPC	Wood Polymer Composite
WR	Woven Roving
WRA	Wool Research Organisation	Mumbai - India
WRAP	Waste and Resources Action Programme
WRATE	Waste and Resources Assessment Tool for the Environment	Environment Agency
WRONZ	Wool Research Organisation of New Zealand (WRONZ)	Now Canesis
WSFEM	Wavelet-based Spectral Finite Element Method
WTO	World Trade Organisation	Geneva - Switzerland

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X	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
X	Not specified	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
X-AT	Exeter Advanced Technologies	University of Exeter
XG	XyloGlucan
XLPE	Cross-Linked PolyEthylene
XMC	Directionally reinforced Moulding Compound
XPS	X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
XRD	X-Ray Diffraction
XRF	X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry
XRR	X-Ray Reflectivity

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Y	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
YAG	Yttrium Aluminium Garnet
YSZ	Yttria-Stabilised Zirconia

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Z	Explanation	Location/Reference/Context as appropriate
Z	Others not included in the list	Designation used in recycle marks for polymers
ZDBC	Zinc DiButyl dithioCarbamate	Accelerators for rubber cure
ZDEC	Zinc DiEthyl dithioCarbamate	Accelerators for rubber cure
ZDMC	Zinc DiMethyl dithioCarbamate	Accelerators for rubber cure
ZDRC	Zinc dialkyldithiocarbamates	Accelerators for rubber cure
ZEE	Zero Emission Enterprises	DTI Technology Programme funding stream
ZMC	Specially formulated moulding compound for injection moulding
ZPM	Zero Pressure Moulding

Sources:
WIG Terminology

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Created by John Summerscales on 04-Jul-2005 and updated on 07-Feb-2012 9:17 . Terms and conditions. Errors and omissions. Corrections.

Advanced Composites Manufacturing Centre
School of Engineering
Faculty of Technology
University of Plymouth
Plymouth PL4 8AA United Kingdom